When we talk about managing data, it is quite inevitable to see data presented in tables. With column header, and sometimes with names for rows, it makes understanding data easier. In fact, it often happens that we see data of different types staying together. For example, we have quantity as numbers and name as strings […]
The derivative defines the rate at which one variable changes with respect to another. It is an important concept that comes in extremely useful in many applications: in everyday life, the derivative can tell you at which speed you are driving, or help you predict fluctuations on the stock market; in machine learning, derivatives are […]
Data preparation is the transformation of raw data into a form that is more appropriate for modeling. It is a challenging topic to discuss as the data differs in form, type, and structure from project to project. Nevertheless, there are common data preparation tasks across projects. It is a huge field of study and goes […]
Predictive modeling with deep learning is a skill that modern developers need to know. TensorFlow is the premier open-source deep learning framework developed and maintained by Google. Although using TensorFlow directly can be challenging, the modern tf.keras API brings Keras’s simplicity and ease of use to the TensorFlow project. Using tf.keras allows you to design, […]
Deep learning neural networks are challenging to configure and train. There are decades of tips and tricks spread across hundreds of research papers, source code, and in the heads of academics and practitioners. The book “Neural Networks: Tricks of the Trade” originally published in 1998 and updated in 2012 at the cusp of the deep […]
Weight regularization provides an approach to reduce the overfitting of a deep learning neural network model on the training data and improve the performance of the model on new data, such as the holdout test set. There are multiple types of weight regularization, such as L1 and L2 vector norms, and each requires a hyperparameter […]
Real-world time series forecasting is challenging for a whole host of reasons not limited to problem features such as having multiple input variables, the requirement to predict multiple time steps, and the need to perform the same type of prediction for multiple physical sites. The EMC Data Science Global Hackathon dataset, or the ‘Air Quality […]
Given the rise of smart electricity meters and the wide adoption of electricity generation technology like solar panels, there is a wealth of electricity usage data available. This data represents a multivariate time series of power-related variables that in turn could be used to model and even forecast future electricity consumption. Autocorrelation models are very […]
Given the rise of smart electricity meters and the wide adoption of electricity generation technology like solar panels, there is a wealth of electricity usage data available. This data represents a multivariate time series of power-related variables, that in turn could be used to model and even forecast future electricity consumption. In this tutorial, you […]
Instead of predicting class values directly for a classification problem, it can be convenient to predict the probability of an observation belonging to each possible class. Predicting probabilities allows some flexibility including deciding how to interpret the probabilities, presenting predictions with uncertainty, and providing more nuanced ways to evaluate the skill of the model. Predicted […]
