Activity regularization provides an approach to encourage a neural network to learn sparse features or internal representations of raw observations. It is common to seek sparse learned representations in autoencoders, called sparse autoencoders, and in encoder-decoder models, although the approach can also be used generally to reduce overfitting and improve a model’s ability to generalize […]
Deep learning models are capable of automatically learning a rich internal representation from raw input data. This is called feature or representation learning. Better learned representations, in turn, can lead to better insights into the domain, e.g. via visualization of learned features, and to better predictive models that make use of the learned features. A […]
Weight constraints provide an approach to reduce the overfitting of a deep learning neural network model on the training data and improve the performance of the model on new data, such as the holdout test set. There are multiple types of weight constraints, such as maximum and unit vector norms, and some require a hyperparameter […]
Weight regularization methods like weight decay introduce a penalty to the loss function when training a neural network to encourage the network to use small weights. Smaller weights in a neural network can result in a model that is more stable and less likely to overfit the training dataset, in turn having better performance when […]
Weight regularization provides an approach to reduce the overfitting of a deep learning neural network model on the training data and improve the performance of the model on new data, such as the holdout test set. There are multiple types of weight regularization, such as L1 and L2 vector norms, and each requires a hyperparameter […]
Neural networks learn a set of weights that best map inputs to outputs. A network with large network weights can be a sign of an unstable network where small changes in the input can lead to large changes in the output. This can be a sign that the network has overfit the training dataset and […]
Grid searching is generally not an operation that we can perform with deep learning methods. This is because deep learning methods often require large amounts of data and large models, together resulting in models that take hours, days, or weeks to train. In those cases where the datasets are smaller, such as univariate time series, […]
Long Short-Term Memory networks, or LSTMs for short, can be applied to time series forecasting. There are many types of LSTM models that can be used for each specific type of time series forecasting problem. In this tutorial, you will discover how to develop a suite of LSTM models for a range of standard time […]
Convolutional Neural Network models, or CNNs for short, can be applied to time series forecasting. There are many types of CNN models that can be used for each specific type of time series forecasting problem. In this tutorial, you will discover how to develop a suite of CNN models for a range of standard time […]
Multilayer Perceptrons, or MLPs for short, can be applied to time series forecasting. A challenge with using MLPs for time series forecasting is in the preparation of the data. Specifically, lag observations must be flattened into feature vectors. In this tutorial, you will discover how to develop a suite of MLP models for a range […]
