Neural network algorithms are stochastic. This means they make use of randomness, such as initializing to random weights, and in turn the same network trained on the same data can produce different results. This can be confusing to beginners as the algorithm appears unstable, and in fact they are by design. The random initialization allows […]
A powerful feature of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks is that they can remember observations over long sequence intervals. This can be demonstrated by contriving a simple sequence echo problem where the entire input sequence or partial contiguous blocks of the input sequence are echoed as an output sequence. Developing LSTM recurrent neural […]
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks are able to learn the order dependence in long sequence data. They are a fundamental technique used in a range of state-of-the-art results, such as image captioning and machine translation. They can also be difficult to understand, specifically how to frame a problem to get the most out […]
Deep learning neural networks are very easy to create and evaluate in Python with Keras, but you must follow a strict model life-cycle. In this post, you will discover the step-by-step life-cycle for creating, training, and evaluating Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Networks in Keras and how to make predictions with a trained model. […]
Once you choose a machine learning algorithm for your classification problem, you need to report the performance of the model to stakeholders. This is important so that you can set the expectations for the model on new data. A common mistake is to report the classification accuracy of the model alone. In this post, you […]
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are a type of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) that are capable of learning the relationships between elements in an input sequence. A good demonstration of LSTMs is to learn how to combine multiple terms together using a mathematical operation like a sum and outputting the result of the calculation. A […]
Long Short-Term Networks or LSTMs are a popular and powerful type of Recurrent Neural Network, or RNN. They can be quite difficult to configure and apply to arbitrary sequence prediction problems, even with well defined and “easy to use” interfaces like those provided in the Keras deep learning library in Python. One reason for this […]
Keras uses fast symbolic mathematical libraries as a backend, such as TensorFlow and Theano. A downside of using these libraries is that the shape and size of your data must be defined once up front and held constant regardless of whether you are training your network or making predictions. On sequence prediction problems, it may […]
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks are a type of recurrent neural network capable of learning over long sequences. This differentiates them from regular multilayer neural networks that do not have memory and can only learn a mapping between input and output patterns. It is important to understand the capabilities of complex neural networks like LSTMs […]
The Long Short-Term Memory network or LSTM is a recurrent neural network that can learn and forecast long sequences. A benefit of LSTMs in addition to learning long sequences is that they can learn to make a one-shot multi-step forecast which may be useful for time series forecasting. A difficulty with LSTMs is that they […]
